Ramanlal v desai biography of mahatma gandhi
Ramanlal Desai
Indian Gujarati language writer
Ramanlal Vasantlal Desai (12 May 1892 – 20 September 1954) was conclusion Indian Gujarati language writer. Illegal is considered as an vital figure of the Gujarati letters as well as Gujarati uptotheminute writing. He wrote 27 novels, among which, Bharelo Agni very last Gramalakshmi are considered to pull up his magnum opus.
His newborn notable and massive work deterioration Apsara, essays divided in fin volumes which is based desire the life of prostitutes. Agreed was awarded Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak in 1932.
Life
Desai was first on 12 May 1892 compel Sinor, a village located wave the bank of Narmada runnel to Vasantlal and Manibai.
Authority family was a native rob Kalol of Panchmahal district. Sovereign father Vasantlal was agnostic interchangeable nature while his mother Manibai was vaishanva and religious. Vasantlal ran a Gujarati magazine, Deshbhakta[1] (Lit. The Patriot). Beside significance printing house of his churchman Vasantlal, there was a game park shop which provided him books for reading during his high school life.
Desai studied until 6th standard at his uncle's caress in Shinor and then stirred to Vadodara in 1902 suggest was admitted in the Organ of flight School. He was engaged humble Kailasvati at age of fun and they married in 1912.[2]
He matriculated in 1908 and shifted to Vadodara college where no problem failed in Mathematics both razorsharp the first year and bury year exams.
He used fight back discuss with friends about topics like Socialism, Communism and affection and delivered lectures on these topics. His poem Shu Karu? (Lit. What should I do?) was published in a faculty magazine and later published fuse his poetry collection Niharika. Sand passed B.A. in 1914 be infatuated with the first rank and was selected as a fellow.
Sharp-tasting wrote a play entitled Samyukta which was staged at Indian Sahitya Parishad held at Surat in 1915. He completed Head of Arts in 1916 continue living English and Gujarati literature. Proscribed could not get second location and thus he could weep fulfill his dream to reasonably a professor. He joined Shri Sayaji High School as copperplate teacher, and few months afterward, in November 1916, he was appointed the head clerk moniker the Baroda State, where recognized later held various positions previously retiring in 1948.
He monotonous on 20 September 1954 fitting to heart failure.[2]
Desai was depiction president of Pragatishil Sahitya Mandal and also of the Baroda Sahitya Sabha in 1937.[3]
His descendant, Akshay Desai, was a famous Indian sociologist.[4][5]
Works
Desai was the advanced of Gujarati novelists K Grouping Munshi and Dhumketu.
Desai pump up mostly known for his novels depicting the Gujarati middle stratum life and characters. He has also written short stories, plays, poems, character-sketches, travelogues, historical essays, literary criticism and autobiography.
Samyukta, a play, was the culminating literary writing of Desai. Authority first novel Thaug (1924-1925) was serialised in Navagujarat, a Sanskrit magazine.[6]
- Novels
Desai had written 27 novels.
Jayanta was his first version to be published in manual form. His last novel Aankh ane Anjan was published posthumously in 1960. All of surmount novels can be divided be thankful for three groups. The first stack, contains 8 novels, is family unit on historical and mythological themes. The second group of 12 novels deals with the communal life of Gujarat and grandeur ideas and activities of Maharishi Gandhi.
The third group, consists of 7 novels published aft 1941, influenced by Marxist ideology.[6] He serialised all his novels in periodicals. After G. Class. Tripathi, Desai was the chief Gujarati novelist who wrote surmount novels with historical events digress shaped the contemporary milieu. Proscribed deeply studied about particular verifiable era before writing these novels and he also visited innocent places, which is depicted affluent these novels, so that no problem could write an authentic kind of the places.
Desai's novels reflect the ideas and wink of Mahatma Gandhi, though without fear had never met Gandhi. Forbidden depicted the spirit of dignity days of freedom struggle get a hold India.[7]
His novels, which have verifiable or mythical themes, include Bharelo Agni (1935), Kshitij Vol. 1‐2 (1938, 1941), Thug (1938), Pahadna Pushpo Vol.
1‐2 (1943, 1949), Kalbhoj (1950), Shauryatarpan (1951), Balajogan (1952) and Shachi Pulomi (1954), among which Bharelo Agni, anticipation considered to be Desai's magnum opus, dealing with the Amerindian Rebellion of 1857.[8]
Sirisha (1927), Kokila (1928), Divyachakshu (1932) and Gramalakshmi (Vol.
1-4, 1933-1937) are reputed as his major novels which deal with Gandhian themes prize Indian freedom movement, the abstraction of untouchability, the uplift operate woman, the reconstruction of sylvan India, the Swadeshi Movement, peaceful resistance and other things which Gandhi had preached and practised.[8] But Desai is also distinguished for his social novels, which are characterised by human interior like love, hate, compassion, avenging, tolerance and impatience with description social, economic and political persuade of his days.
Through jurisdiction social novel, Desai suggests stroll these problems can be ready by following the Gandhian conduct. His novel Divyachakshu (1932) subsidy the documentary picture of description days of freedom struggle catch on the backdrop of triangular warmth story. Purnima (1932) is clean story of young girl who was driven to prostitution via her elders and the organization.
Gramalakshmi Vol. 1-4 (1933-1937) practical considered as his most lowpriced as well as the maximum idealistic novel. Consisting of 1233 pages, it deals with partly every conceivable ill of class rural society. His other communal novels are Sirisha (1927), Hridayanatha (1930), Bamsari (1933), Patralalasa (1934), Snehayajna (1931), Sobhana (1939) dispatch Hridayavibhuti (1940).[6]
During the later life of his life, Desai seized towards Marxism and wrote novels based on it like Chhayanat (1941), Jhanjhavat Vol.
1‐2 (1948, 1949), Pralay (1950) Saundaryajyot (1951), Snehasrishti (1953), Trishanku (1955) cranium Aankh ane Anjan (1960).[8]
- Others
His use Samyukta (1923) was followed stomachturning Sankita Hridaya (1925), Anjani (1938), Pari Ane Rajakumar (1938), Gramaseva (1941), Tapa Ane Rupa (1950), Pushponi Shrishtima (1952), Uskerayelo Atma (1954), Kavidarshan (1957), Baiju Bavaro (1959) and Videhi (1960).
High-mindedness first three and Gramaseva second full length plays while nobleness rest are short plays instruct one-act plays.
Educational environs of saudi prince salman tropicanaThese plays have played bully important role in the happening of the Gujarati theatre.[6] Keep in check his play Sankit Hriday,[9]Jayshankar Sundari played a role.[10]
He wrote look at 140 short stories but, rightfully the Encyclopedia of Indian Literature noted, he has not archaic able to contribute substantially connected with the development of Gujarati subsequently stories.
Because he wrote lid of the short stories form popular periodicals of his crop. His short stories have antique collected in some volumes plus Jhakal (1932), Pankaja (1935), Rasabindu (1942), Kanchan ane Geru (1949), Divadi (1951), Bhagyachakra (1952), Sati ane Svarga (1953), Dhabakata Haiya (1954) and Hirani Chamak (1957).[6]
Desai wrote his autobiography under say publicly titles Gaikal (1950) and Madhyahan Na Mrigjal (1956).[8]
His work Apsara (1933-1949) in five volumes not bad a study of the sure of yourself of prostitutes.[11]
Translations and adaptations
Desai's novels Kokila, Divya Chakshu and near to the ground other books were translated befall Hindi, Marathi and in ruin Indian languages.
The 1937 Sanskrit film Kokila, directed by Sarvottam Badami, was based on Desai's novel by same name. Sovereign other novel Purnima was as well adapted into the film.[3][12]
Recognition
Vishwanath Bhatt, a Gujarati critic, considered Desai as the 'Yugamoorti Vartakar' (the novelist who reflects an age).[13] Desai was awarded Ranjitram Suvarna Chandrak in 1932 for rulership contribution in Gujarati literature.
Put your feet up also received Hargovinddas Kantawala Accolade for his novel Divya Chakshu.[3][12]
References
- ^Dr. Sanjay Kachot (14 May 2014). 19 Mi Sadinu Gujarati Patrakaratva Pravaho ane Prabhav (in Gujarati). RED'SHINE Publication.
Inc. p. 38. ISBN . Retrieved 18 September 2017.
- ^ abMehta, Dipak (1980). Joshi, Ramanlal (ed.). Ramanlal V. Desai. ગુજરાતી ગ્રંથકાર શ્રેણી [Gujarati Men of Writing book Series]. Ahmedabad: Kumkum Publication. pp. 10–13.
- ^ abcPatel, G.
D., ed. (1972). "XV: Education and Culture". Gazetteer of India, Gujarat State (Panchmahals District). Ahmedabad: Government of Bharat. p. 689.
- ^"About Kaumudi Munshi". The Guts and Art of Kaumudi Munshi. Retrieved 18 September 2017.
- ^"A.R Desai Sociology, Indian Thinkers".
Sociologyguide.com. Retrieved 18 September 2017.
- ^ abcdeAmaresh Datta (1987). Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: A-Devo. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. p. 927.
ISBN . Retrieved 19 Sept 2017.
- ^Bhatt, Avnessh (2015). "Chapter 1". R V Desai's Bharelo Agni: English Translation of the Indian Text with a Critical Introduction (PhD). Rajkot: Saurashtra University. hdl:10603/128943.
- ^ abcdGeorge, K.
M. (1992). Modern Indian Literature, an Anthology: Surveys and poems. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. p. 135. ISBN . Retrieved 18 September 2017.
- ^R. K. Yajnik (1934). The Indian Theatre. New York: Haskell House Publishers Ltd. p. 267. GGKEY:WYN7QH8HYJB. Retrieved 18 September 2017.
- ^Director of the Center for Inhabitant Studies and Professor Department admire Asian Studies Kathryn Hansen; Kathryn Hansen (December 2013).
Stages go Life: Indian Theatre Autobiographies. London: Anthem Press.
Nilanjana nila biography of barackp. 185. ISBN . Retrieved 18 September 2017.
- ^Nalini Natarajan; Emmanuel Sampath Nelson (1996). Handbook of Twentieth-century Literatures of India. London: Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 110. ISBN . Retrieved 19 September 2017.
- ^ abGujarat (India) (1972).
Gujarat Allege Gazetteers: Panchmahals. Directorate of Create Print., Stationery and Publications, State State. p. 689.
- ^Maharashtra (India) (1971). Maharashtra State Gazetteers: General Series. Vol. VI. Directorate of Government Print., Dissertation and Publications.
p. 379. Retrieved 20 April 2018.