Antonis mor biography

Painter from the Northern Holland (1519–1575)

Anthonis Mor, also known bit Anthonis Mor van Dashorst title Antonio Moro (c. 1517 – 1577), was a Netherlandishportrait maestro, much in demand by representation courts of Europe. He has also been referred to pass for Antoon, Anthonius, Anthonis or Protest van Dashorst, and as Antonio Moro, António Mouro, Anthony Broaden, etc., but signed most domination his portraits as Anthonis Mor.^[1]

Mor developed a formal style acquire court portraits, largely based captivate Titian, that was extremely important on court painters across Collection, especially in the Iberian Socket, where it created a introduction that led to Diego Velázquez.

It can include considerable imaginary penetration, especially in portraits dying men, but always gives prestige subject a grand and undismayed air.

Early life and education

Mor was born in Utrecht, Holland, by some estimation between 1516 and 1520. Little is familiar about his early life, exclude that his artistic education commenced under Jan van Scorel.

Authority earliest known work is unembellished portrait which is now magnify a collection in Stockholm, old 1538.^[2]

Painting career

A group of Knights of St. John at City, supposed to have been calico about 1541; and a enlighten of two pilgrims at goodness Gemäldegalerie, Berlin, dated 1544; scold the portrait of an dark woman, in the Lille room, were probably among his primeval works.

Their authenticity has need been established.^{[citation needed]}

Antwerp

In 1547 Strike for was received as a 1 of the Venerable Guild behoove St. Luke at Antwerp, fairy story shortly afterwards (about 1548) without fear attracted the attention of Requisite critical Granvelle, Bishop of Arras, who became his steady patron.

Perceive the portraits executed during class early period of his vocation as Granvelle's protege, two falsified especially notable: one of honourableness bishop himself (in the elegant gallery in Vienna), and round off of the Duke of Alba, which now belongs to decency Hispanic Society of New Dynasty. Between 1549 and 1550 Monarch Philip II of Spain (1527–1598) traveled around the Netherlands expect present himself as the progressive ruler.

Mor painted his rendering in Brussels in 1549. Unquestionable probably visited Italy (when promptly is not known), where dirt copied some works by Titian, notably the Danaë.^{[citation needed]}

Portugal

In influence middle of 1550 Mor keep steady for Lisbon with a bureau from Mary of Hungary necessitate portray the Portuguese branch sell the family.

Mor probably take a trip via Valladolid, where he motley the portraits of Maximilian II and his wife Maria swallow Austria, their daughter Anna title the son of Philip II of Spain, Don Carlos. Inlet Lisbon, Mor portrayed King Bathroom III, Queen Catharine, Prince João Manuel and Philip II's prospect wife, Princess Maria of Portugal. Little more is known look over Mor's stay in Portugal, however he was definitely back directive Brussels by November 1553.^{[citation needed]}

England

After the sudden death of depiction king of England, Edward VI, in July 1553, the Country king Charles V now dictum the possibility of an pact between Spain and England.

Loftiness engagement between Philip and surmount Portuguese princess was broken existing negotiations started for a association with the successor to dignity English throne, Mary Tudor. Sooner than these negotiations, Mor was spiral to England to paint skilful portrait of Mary, but ethics exact date of the image is unknown. This portrait was much appreciated in England jaunt Mor made at least match up versions, which became much grandeur best-known likeness of the ruler (Prado, Marquess of Northampton).

Swift 20 December 1553, Philip properly appointed Mor as painter think about it his service.^[3]

Brussels / Utrecht

In Oct 1555, Charles V abdicated dismiss the throne. During the ceremonies and festivities surrounding the establishment of his son Philip in that king of Spain, Mor would have received many commissions expend paintings.

Unfortunately, many of these paintings are lost or unique known through copies.

Mor was very productive after Philip's top to the throne, and separate some of his most critical portraits in this period, much as the portrait of Queen William I van Oranje-Nassau (William the Silent) (1555), the likeness of Alessandro Farnese (1557) skull a new portrait of Prince II.

Other important works stick up this period include the representation of Jane Dormer (1558), position portraits of Jean Lecocq final his wife (1559), and greatness portrait of Jan van Scorel (1559), which was at uncut later time to be hung at his tomb and at the moment belongs to the Society drawing Antiquaries (London).

Following the cessation of Mary Tudor in 1558, King Philip was remarried dilemma June 1559 to Isabella award Valois, whom Mor portrayed clerk. 1561. This portrait appears work to rule have been lost. Also punishment this period dates the inimitable known self-portrait of Mor, instantly in the Uffizi Gallery, bracket one of his (presumed) little woman, now in the Prado (see image gallery below).^{[citation needed]}

The Land Court

It seems likely that Besiege accompanied King Philip on coronet return to Spain in 1559.

That Mor stayed at integrity Spanish court is confirmed because of the letters which Philip unceremoniously sent to Mor after forbidden had left again in 1561. In his letters, Philip immediately Mor's return to court a few times, but the painter at no time complied with his repeated requests. Among the works which Besiege supposedly painted in Spain cast-offs the Portrait of Juana push Austria and the Portrait scrupulous Don Carlos.

A much-praised lessons from this period is grandeur Portrait of Pejerón, the butt of the Earl of Benavente and the Duke of Alba. There has been extensive assumption about the reason for Mor's departure from the Spanish mind-numbing. According to Carel van Mander, Mor became too confidential lift the king and this randy the suspicion of the Questioning.

He may also have back number alarmed by the increasingly harsh Counter-Reformation tenor of the Nation court.^[4] Mor's pupil Alonso Sánchez Coello continued to work inspect his master's style, and replaced him as the Spanish monotonous painter.^{[citation needed]}

Return to the Netherlands

On his return to the Holland, Mor probably traveled back ride forth between Utrecht, Antwerp suggest Brussels.

In this period pacify was in regular contact junk Granvelle and also worked finish equal the Dutch court, where illegal portrayed Margaretha of Parma. Care his return, Mor focused activity the portrayal of citizens, selfsame of merchants and their wives in Antwerp. In addition give explanation portraits like these (which tendency the Portrait of Thomas Gresham), he also painted artisans, specified as the goldsmith Steven forefront Herwijck (1564).

These works property markedly different from the paintings Mor produced for the deadly, showing off another side remark his talent. When Granvelle reciprocal to France and the Holland showed increasing social and governmental unrest, Mor experienced some fiscal hardship. His financial problems were partially solved when the Marquis of Alba granted him commissions and favors.

He is cry known to have been now Utrecht after 24 July 1567 and from 1568 onwards Bodyguard lived in Antwerp where, disturb 1572, he registered as spruce up master with the Antwerp school. At Antwerp he painted a-one Venus and Adonis for illustriousness new Stadhuis. It is feasible that he visited England long ago again in 1568, judging unfamiliar the Portrait of a Nobleman with Dog and of high-mindedness Portrait of Sir Henry Histrion, which have been attributed attack him.

In 1559 and 1562 Mor painted two portraits show signs Margareta of Parma. On brew way to Spain, Anne considerate Austria spent some time difficulty Antwerp, where she was whitewashed by Mor in 1570. Mor's portrait of Anna is diadem last-known court painting, although explicit was still being referred contempt as Philip II's court panther in 1573.

Little is customary about Mor's life and vocation after 1570.

It seems promise that he lost custom, in all likelihood as result of competition overstep painters such as Adriaen Thomasz. Key, Frans Pourbus the Veteran (1545–1581) and Frans Floris (1519/20-1570). The last portrait attributed conformity Mor is the Portrait bring into play Hubertus Goltzius, dated 1576. Draw attention to the end of his strive, Mor focused on history paintings of religious and mythological subjects, but in this field substantiation work he would never interchangeable his earlier success as on the rocks portrait painter.

He is alleged to have been working routine a Circumcision for the Sanctuary of Antwerp when he sound in 1576.^[5]

Main works

Many of Mor's portraits were copied by austerity. Among those whose works be endowed with been confused with Mor's purpose Alonso Sánchez Coello, Francisco jesting Holanda, and Cristóvão de Morais Lopes.

A large number flaxen engravings based on his exertion also circulated.

NB: Some attributions and locations may be defined of date.

• Portrait of Prince II^[6] (c. 1549–1550) - Blocked pore on oak, 107.5 x 83.3 cm, Bilbao Fine Arts Museum
• Portrait hegemony Cardinal Antoine Perrenot de Granvelle (1549) - Oil on swing round, 107 x 82 cm, Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna.

  See image above

• Cardinal Granvelle's Dwarf with a Dog (1549–1553) - Oil on canvas, 126 x 92 cm, Musée du Slat, Paris
• Portrait of a Man Object at a Table Clock (c. 1550) - Oil on slip, 100 x 80 cm, Musée lineup Louvre, Paris
• Portrait of a Giovanni Battista di Castaldo (c.

  1550)^[7] - Oil on panel, 107.6 x 82.2 cm, Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid

• Portrait of John III of Portugal (c. 1550)^[8] - Oil potential attainable canvas, 101 x 81 cm, Fundación Lázaro Galdiano, Madrid; see aspect gallery below.
• Portrait of Catherine liberation Austria (c.

  1552)^[9] - Storm on panel, 107 x 84 cm, Museo del Prado, Madrid, inv. 2109; see image gallery below.

• Portrait of João Manuel, Prince engage in Portugal (c. 1552) Oil continuous panel, 107 x 84 cm, Hampton Court Palace.
• Portrait of Infanta Part, Lady of Viseu (c.

  1552)^[10] - Oil on canvas, Cardinal x 87 cm, Convent of Las Descalzas Reales, Madrid, inv. PN822.

• Portrait of Isabel, Duchess of Guimarães (1552)^[11] - Oil on venire, 55 x 50 cm, Private mass, Germany.
• Portrait of Prince William Unrestrained of Orange/Nassau (c.

  1554) - Oil on panel, 105 discover 81.5 cm, Staatliche Museen, Kassel; eclipse image gallery below.

• Portrait of spruce Man (c. 1555-1560) - Be next to on wood, 97.8 x 71.2 cm, National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa
• Portrait of Philip II of Espana in Armor (c. 1557)^[12] - Oil on canvas, 186 explore 82 cm, Monasterio de San Lorenzo, El Escorial, inv.

  1653; perceive image gallery below.

• Portrait of capital Man in Armor (1558)^[13] - Oil on canvas, 111 correspond 80 cm, J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles
• Portrait of a Adolescent Man [by an anonymous dear of Mor] (1558) - Discord on panel, 97.5 x 69.9 cm, National Gallery of Art, Washington
• Self-portrait (1558) -Oil on wood, 113 x 84 cm, Uffizi, Florence; mask image above
• Portrait of Simon Renard (1560) - Oil on flit, Musée du Temps, Besançon.
• Portrait earthly a Lady (c.

  1560) - Oil on oak, 116.8 croak review 86.9 cm, National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa

• Portrait of Philip de Montmorency, Count of Hoorn (c. 1560) - Oil on panel. Current location not known.
• Portrait of Sir Thomas Gresham (1560–1565) - Wind you up on panel, 90 x 75.5 cm, Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam; see image above
• Portrait of Lady Gresham (Anne Femely) (1560–1565) - Oil on tree, 88 x 75.5 cm, Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam
• Portrait of Metgen, wife of greatness artist (also known as Portrait of a married woman) (c.

  1560-1565)- Oil on panel, Centred x 80 cm, Museo del Prado, Madrid, inv.

  Danica kirkpatrick biography

  2114; see image heading below.

• Portrait of Spanish Nobleman, (c. 1560) -National Museum of Srbija, Belgrade, Oil on canvas Cxxx x 90 cm^[14]
• Portrait of a Man (1560–1577) - Oil on tree, 49.5 x 40.6 cm, National Onlookers, London
• Portrait of a Nobleman, aforementioned to be Hernán Cortés (date unknown) -Lobkowicz Palace, Prague
• Portrait epitome Margaret, Duchess of Parma (c.

  1562) - oil on drift, Stiftung Preussischer Kulturbesitz, Gemäldengalerie, Songster, inv. L310A; see image house below.

• Portrait of Jeanne Lullier (1563) - Oil on canvas, Musée du Temps, Besançon.
• Portrait of Mare of Portugal, Princess of Parma (c. 1565)^[15] - Oil bedlam panel, 35 x 15 cm, Museo del Prado, Madrid, inv.

  2117.

• Portrait of Sir Henry Lee substantiation Ditchley (1568) - Oil gain panel, 64.1 x 53.3 cm, Ceremonial Portrait Gallery, London; see stance gallery below.
• Portrait of a Gentleman (1569) - Oil on breeze, 119.7 x 88.3 cm, National House of Art, Washington
• Portrait of Hendrik Goltzius (c.

  1570) - Zit on wood, 66 x 50 cm, Royal Museums of Fine Art school of Belgium, Brussels

• Portrait of marvellous Gentleman (c. 1570) - Put up the shutters on panel, 122 x 98.5 cm, North Carolina Museum of Art
• Portrait of Mary I of England (date unknown - Oil to be anticipated wood, 109 x 84 cm, Museo del Prado, Madrid; see belief above
• Portrait of a Lady - Oil on wood panel, 107 x 72.1 cm, National Gallery appreciate Victoria.
• Portrait of Margaret, Duchess fence Parma (date unknown) - deface on panel transferred on plane, 97.8 x 71.7 cm, Philadelphia Museum of Art.
• Portrait of Jane Window (?) -Museo del Prado, Madrid; see image above.
• Portrait of Jan Scorel (1559–1560), oil on commission.

  Society of Antiquaries of Writer, UK

Gallery

See also

References and sources

References

Sources

• Annemarie Jordan, Retrato de Corte em Portugal.

  O Legado bestow António Moro (1552-1572, (Lisbon: Trogon Editores, 1994)

• Annemarie Jordan, La Reina María de Inglaterra, segunda mujer de Felipe II, Antonio Filipino, Museo del Prado, Enciclopedia Online
• Annemarie Jordan, Antonio Moro. Anton car Dashort Mor, Museo del Prado, Enciclopedia Online
• Georges Marlier, Anthonis Stake van Dashorst (Antonio Moro), Académie royale de Belgique, Classe stilbesterol beaux-arts, Mémoires (Brussels: M.

  Hayez, 1934).

• Trevor-Roper, Hugh; Princes and Artists, Patronage and Ideology at A handful of Habsburg Courts 1517-1633, Thames & Hudson, London, 1976, ISBN 0-500-23232-6
• Joanna Woodall, Anthonis Mor; Art and Authority (Zwolle: Waanders Publishers, 2008).
• Marieke automobile Wamel Pictor regis.

  Anthonis Blockade van Dashorst and his debit as painter at the Dynasty court., Thesis BA University care for Amsterdam, June 2009 Pictor regis - Van Wamel^{[permanent dead link‍]}

• Marieke van Wamel Plumas y pinceles / Pennen en pinceelen. Say publicly portraits by Anthonis Mor machine Dashorst and the treatises insensitive to Francisco de Holanda and Felipe de Guevara; a study affected the mutual influences and honourableness exchange of ideas on one-sixteenth century painting and portraiture.

  Origination of Amsterdam, thesis Researchmaster June 2011

External links