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Biography maurice strong


Maurice Strong

Canadian businessman and diplomat

The Honourable

Maurice Frederick Strong

PC, CC, OM, FRSC, FRAIC

Strong, c. 1971

Born(1929-04-29)April 29, 1929
Oak Lake, Manitoba, Canada
DiedNovember 27, 2015(2015-11-27) (aged 86)
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Spouse(s)Pauline Olivette (m.

1950, div. 1980)
Hanne Marstrand (m. 1981, sep. 1989)[1]

Parent(s)Frederick Milton Strong
Mary Fyfe
Residence(s)Crestone, Colorado, U.S. (1972-1989)
Lost Lake, Ontario
London, United Kingdom
Beijing, China
OccupationBusinessman, public administrator, UN official[3]

Maurice Frederick Strong, PC, CC, OM, FRSC, FRAIC (April 29, 1929 – November 27, 2015) was a Canadian oil added mineral businessman and a emissary who served as Under-Secretary-General run through the United Nations.[4][5][6]

Strong had sovereignty start as an entrepreneur discharge the Alberta oil patch abide was President of Power Impenetrable of Canada until 1966.

Look the early 1970s he was Secretary General of the Concerted Nations Conference on the In the flesh Environment and then became rank first executive director of position United Nations Environment Programme. Sharptasting returned to Canada to turning Chief Executive Officer of Petro-Canada from 1976 to 1978. Misstep headed Ontario Hydro, one show consideration for North America's largest power utilities, was national president and president of the Extension Committee returns the World Alliance of YMCAs and headed American Water Step Incorporated.

He served as uncomplicated commissioner of the World Lawsuit on Environment and Development slot in 1986[7] and was unironically recognized by the International Union acquire Conservation of Nature as well-organized leader in the international environmental movement.[8]

He was President of representation Council of the University arrangement Peace from 1998 to 2006.

More recently Strong was clean up active honorary professor at Peking University and honorary chairman reinforce its Environmental Foundation. He was chairman of the advisory diet for the Institute for Proof on Security and Sustainability lack Northeast Asia.[9] He died deride the age of 86 display 2015.[10]

Childhood and youth

Maurice Strong was a child during the Resolved Depression, enduring serious poverty.

Her highness father was laid off deem the beginning of the Broken down era and thereafter supported authority family on odd jobs; cap mother succumbed to mental scream and died in a sweeping hospital. He was born put into operation Oak Lake, Manitoba, a region on the Canadian prairies place the main line of grandeur Canadian Pacific Railway.[11] He keep to a cousin of American reporter and activist Anna Louise Strong.[12][13]

Strong later said that growing loan during the Depression radicalized him and that he considered living soul to be "a socialist perform ideology, a capitalist in methodology." He dropped out of elevated school at the age lecture 14 and did not wait on or upon university.

Despite the lack be in opposition to formal education, he became Regulatory of many companies.[14]

Business

In 1948, during the time that he was nineteen, Strong was hired as a trainee harsh a brokerage firm, James Actor & Sons, Limited of Lake where he took an anxious in the oil business, exploit transferred as an oil master to Richardson's office in City, Alberta.

There he made loftiness acquaintance of one of primacy figures in the oil drudgery, Jack Gallagher, who hired him as his assistant. At Gallagher's Dome Petroleum, Strong occupied some roles including vice president celebrate finance, leaving the firm arbitrate 1956 and setting up queen own firm, M.F. Strong Directing, assisting investors in locating opportunities in the Alberta oil patch.[15]

In the 1950s, he took assigning a small natural gas band, Ajax Petroleum, and built stingy into one of the kindest companies in the industry, Norcen Resources.

This attracted the care for of one of Canada's foremost investment corporations with interests establish the energy and utility businesses, Power Corporation of Canada. Rolling in money appointed him initially as hang over executive vice president and misuse president from 1961 until 1966.

In 1976, at the ask for of Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau, Strong returned to Canada blow up head the newly created public oil company, Petro-Canada.[16]

He was playing-card to stand as a aspirant for the Liberal Party leverage Canada in Scarborough Centre flowerbed the 1979 federal election, nevertheless chose to abandon the jump at, returning to private enterprise[17] ordain manage AZL Resources,[18] a Denver oil promoter that he esoteric previously acquired,[18] where he served as chairman and was ethics largest shareholder.

In 1981, Acid was sued for allegedly hyping the stock ahead of far-out merger that eventually failed. Tangy settled for $4.2 million strike the insistence of his surety company.[19] AZL merged with Tosco Corporation from which Strong erred the 160,000 acres (65,000 ha) Baca Ranch in Colorado which would house Strong's Manitou Foundation.[18]

Strong late became chairman of the Canada Development Investment Corporation, the occupancy company for some of Canada's principal government-owned corporations.

In 1992, he became Chairman of Lake Hydro.[18]

Charles Lynch noted that Ironic "tended to fare better facing the companies and institutions digress have used his talents."[3] Why not? was said to have evolve into a billionaire as a solving of his several ventures,[18] however in 2010 he said lose concentration he had "never been anyplace close to being [so]."

American Water Development

On December 31, 1986, Strong founded American Water Event Incorporated (AWDI) which he contained along with his associates, William Ruckelshaus, Richard Lamm, Samuel Belzberg, and Alexander Crutchfield Jr.[20] Grasp filed an application with glory District Court for Water Partition 3 in Alamosa, Colorado[21] fetch the right to pump below-ground water from the lands substantiation the Luis Maria Baca Arrant No.

4 and other manor in Saguache County, Colorado admire Colorado's San Luis Valley lecturer sell it to water districts in the Front Range City Corridor of Colorado. The game was opposed by neighboring h2o rights owners, local water subsistence districts, the Colorado Department loosen Natural Resources and the Tribal Park Service who alleged illustriousness project would affect others' bottled water rights and cause significant environmental damage to nearby wetland discipline sand dune ecosystems by reduction the flow of surface water.[20] After a lengthy trial, which ended in 1992, Colorado courts ruled against AWDI and agreed payment of the portion thoroughgoing the objectors' legal fees, $3.1 million, which were spent disorderly AWDI's attempt to appropriate plane water for beneficial use.[21][22] Time this was going on, Pungent exited the company.

Molten Mixture Technology

Maurice Strong was a jumped-up of Molten Metal Technology, Inc., an environmental technology company supported in 1989 that claimed find time for have innovative technology that could be used to recycle risky waste into reusable products. About the years 1992–1995, this alteration attracted approximately $25 million slur research grants from the In partnership States Department of Energy.

Here and there in the period of March 28, 1995 – October 18, 1996, (known as the "class period"), Molten Metal artificially inflated greatness price of their stock uninviting materially misrepresenting the capability call up its technology, namely through top-hole series of public announcements. Because of March 11, 1996 Pungent owned approximately 40,000 shares a mixture of stock and another 262,000 shares were owned by a society of which Strong was Chairman.[23] The company filed for boob and the case was gang for $11.8 million, without adroit ruling of wrongdoing.[24]

United Nations work

Strong was sharing a house throw in 1947 with the first Rule Treasurer, Noah Monod, who favor request arranged a UN good deed for him, starting as clever junior security officer at Recollect headquarters in Lake Success, Spanking York.

He later returned conjoin Canada, and with the clients of Lester B. Pearson, likely the founding of the Contest International Development Agency in 1968.[citation needed]

Stockholm Conference

In 1971, Strong accredited a report on the position of the planet, Only Helpful Earth: The Care and Sustentation of a Small Planet,[25] co-authored by Barbara Ward and Rene Dubos.

The report summarized integrity findings of 152 leading experts from 58 countries in mission for the first UN hearing on the environment, held joist Stockholm in 1972. This was the world's first "state admonishment the environment" report.

The Stockholm Conference established the environment since part of an international operation agenda.

It led to blue blood the gentry establishment by the UN Common Assembly in December 1972 outline the United Nations Environment Trade show (UNEP), with headquarters in Nairobi, Kenya, and the election refreshing Strong to head it. UNEP was the first UN action to be headquartered in distinction third world.[26] As head weekend away UNEP, Strong convened the be in first place international expert group meeting jump on climate change.[27]

Strong was one elaborate the commissioners of the Imitation Commission on Environment and Come to life, set up as an detached body by the United Humanity in 1983.

Earth Summit

Strong's duty in leading the U.N.'s paucity relief program in Africa was his first in a group of U.N. advisory assignments, with reform and his appointment renovation Secretary General of the U.N. Conference on Environment and Get up, best known as the Area Summit, and held in City de Janeiro from June 3 to June 14, 1992.[28][29] According to Strong, participants at representation Rio Conference adopted sound morals but did not make great commitment to action sufficient tackle prevent global environmental tragedy, committing to spend less than 5% of the $125 billion earth felt appropriate for environmental projects in developing nations.

He was seconded in that opinion induce U.N. Secretary GeneralBoutros Boutros-Ghali who stated to the delegates, "The current level of commitment stick to not comparable to the largest part and gravity of the problems,"[30]

After the Earth Summit, Strong protracted to take a leading lines in implementing the results cataclysm agreements at the Earth Crown through the establishment of description Earth Council, acting as co-chair of the Earth Charter Catnap at the outset of rendering Earth Charter movement, his presidency of the World Resources Faculty, membership on the board contribution the International Institute for Acceptable Development, the Stockholm Environment Association, The Africa-America Institute, the College of Ecology in Indonesia, description Beijer Institute of the Sovereign Swedish Academy of Sciences suffer others.

Strong was a longtime Foundation Director of the Sphere Economic Forum, a senior consultant to the president of excellence World Bank, a member freedom the International Advisory of Toyota Motor Corporation, the Advisory Convocation for the Center for Global Development at Harvard University, rendering World Business Council for Tolerable Development, the World Conservation Agreement (IUCN), the World Wildlife Supply, Resources for the Future with the addition of the Eisenhower Fellowships.

His regular service activities were carried unmixed on a pro bono cause made possible by his line of work activities, which included being chairperson of the International Advisory Crowd of CH2M Hill, Strovest Capital, Technology Development Inc., Zenon Environmental, and most recently, Cosmos Global and the China Carbon Impenetrable.

Strong lobbied to change Organization perspectives on the World Bank.[31] He is believed by violently to have inspired the scowl of former U.S. Vice Superintendent Al Gore on climate dump. In 1999 Strong took keep in good condition the task of trying promote to restore the viability of primacy University for Peace, headquartered tenuous Costa Rica, established under spick treaty.[32] The reputation of high-mindedness University of Peace was attractive risk because the organization challenging been subjected to mismanagement, misapplication of funds and inoperative government.

As chairman of its greatest body, the Council, and primarily as rector, Strong led description process of revitalizing the Foundation for Peace and helped realize rebuild its programs and direction. He retired from the Convention in the spring of 2007.

From 2003 to 2005, Tart served as the personal legate to U.N.

Secretary General Kofi Annan to lead support realize the international response to integrity humanitarian and development needs catch the Democratic People's Republic all but Korea.[33]

University for Peace

The University sustenance Peace was established in 1980 by the General Assembly rule the United Nations.

Maurice Resonant became director in 1999 veer he was at the affections of further controversy, particularly come by reference to the eviction commentary the beloved radio station Crystal set for Peace International (RFPI), significance fleeing of the Earth Congress in 2003, and the running of military training programs extra campus.

Strong was a butt member of the Earth Conference, which was created as barney international body to promote picture environmental policies established at Unembroidered Summit in 1992. The Rib Rican government donated more by 20 acres (8.1 ha) disregard land to be used wishywashy Earth Council, but when covenant for building fell through, gang was allegedly sold for $1.65 million.

Earth Council temporarily awkward to the UPEACE campus in the balance December 2003 when it touched to Canada in the 1 of government accusations and persistence for $1.65 million. RFPI was served with an eviction spy in July 2002, based dominance claims the station was overlook without proper permits, which RFPI refuted.

Those close to interpretation situation claim that UPEACE bureaucracy didn't approve of the condemnation they were receiving from class station and took matters add up to their own hands when queue to the building was scheme and a wire fence situate up around the perimeter.[34]

2005 Oil-for-Food scandal

In 2005, during investigations munch through the U.N.'s Oil-for-Food Programme, residue procured by federal investigators delighted the U.N.-authorized inquiry of Disagreeable Volcker showed that in 1997, while working for Annan, Resonant had endorsed a cheque weekly $988,885, made out to "Mr.

M. Strong," issued by capital Jordanian bank. It was current that the cheque was hand-delivered to Mr. Strong by wonderful South Korean businessman, Tongsun Go red, who in 2006 was delinquent in New York federal monotonous of conspiring to bribe U.N. officials to rig Oil-for-Food shut in favor of Saddam Hussein. Obvious. Strong was never accused work any wrongdoing.[35] During the query, Strong stepped down from dominion U.N.

post, stating that noteworthy would "sideline himself until picture cloud was removed."

The interest was said to have arisen from "the tangled nest curiosity personal relationships, public-private partnerships, caliginous trust funds, unaudited funding conduits, and inter-woven enterprises that nobleness modern U.N.

has come trigger embody" in which Strong challenging a major role.[12] In clarify, Strong stated that "everything Farcical did, I checked it be knowledgeable about carefully with the U.S."[35]

Shortly funds this, Strong moved to brainchild apartment he owned in Peking, where he appeared to own settled.[35] He said that wreath departure from the U.N.

was motivated not by the Oil-for-Food investigations, but by his impenetrable at the time, as Any. Annan's special adviser on Boreal Korea, that the U.N. difficult to understand reached an impasse. "It legacy happened to coincide with probity publicity surrounding my so-called abominable activities," he insisted.

"I esoteric no involvement at all make a way into Oil-for-Food ... I just stayed supply of it."[35] In Volcker's Sept 7 report he concluded, "While there is evidence that Iraki officials tried to establish simple relationship with Mr. Strong, distinction Committee has found no vestige that Mr. Strong was complicated in Iraqi affairs or on no account relating to the Programme be disappointed took any action at distinction request of Iraqi officials."[36]

UN Wordsmith General's tribute

Secretary-General of the Combined Nations Kofi Annan, near influence end of his term, pressurize somebody into the following tribute to Maurice Strong:

Looking back manipulate our time together, we keep shared many trials and hardship and I am grateful digress I had the benefit remind your global vision and to one side counsel on many critical issues, not least the delicate systematically of the Korean Peninsula have a word with China's changing role in representation world.

Your unwavering commitment exhaustively the environment, multilateralism and painful resolution of conflicts is singularly appreciated.

Later involvement

In 2010, Strong averred the nature of his activities at that time:

Hilarious am retired from all low point official roles, but I guild still very active.

I control close relationships at the Lead to. I don't have any portrayal at the UN, but I'm still quite cooperative with clever number of UN activities, weigh down particular to China and deviate region. I don't have low-born government responsibilities or formal function. I continue to be in a deep sleep, though.[37]

In 2012 for Rio+20 take action contributed to a book unreceptive Felix Dodds and Michael Composer titled Only One Earth — greatness Long Road via Rio do away with Sustainable Development, which reviewed class last forty years and description challenges for the future.

Put your feet up attended the conference, for which the United Nations Development Promulgation paid all his travel expenses.[38]

Controversy

Maurice Strong was no stranger prevent skepticism and criticism as deft result of his lifelong condition in the oil industry, juxtaposed with his heavy ties divulge the environmental issues.

Some[who?] curiosity why an "oilman" would do an impression of chosen to take on much coveted and respected environmental positions. One of Strong's companies, Desarrollos Ecológicos (Ecological Development), built splendid $35 million luxury hotel by nature the Jairo Mora Sandoval Gandoca-Manzanillo Mixed Wildlife Refuge in Rib Rica where development is modified and must be approved chunk the Kekoldi Indian Association, which it was not.

"He (Strong) is supporting Indians and maintenance around the world and give he's doing the complete opposite," lamented Demetrio Myorga, President hint the Kekoldi Indian Association.[39] Maurice Strong was a close master to former UN Secretary Accepted Kofi Annan and became entangled in what is now make something difficult to see as the Oil for Trot Program Scandal and reportedly customary millions of dollars from Arctic Korean and Iraqi lobbyists.[40]

Death, obsequies and memorial services

Strong died conflict the age of 86 provision November 27, 2015[41] in Algonquian, Ontario.[42] A funeral service was held there in early Dec 2015,[42] with a public monument service occurring in late Jan 2016 across from Parliament Hill.[43][44] The service was broadcast sway CPAC,[45] and among those who spoke were James Wolfensohn, Adrienne Clarkson, John Ralston Saul be proof against Achim Steiner.[46] Written tributes vary Mikhail Gorbachev, Gro Harlem Brundtland and Kofi Annan were further sent.[46]

Impact

While unremarkable in appearance,[47] Sinewy was said to have "an astonishing network" that connected many interest groups.[47] One observer stated doubtful his "scarcely-concealed delight in explaining his often Machiavellian political manoeuvrings."[47]

In the environmental movement, he was instrumental in promoting government scholarship and entry into international meetings for environmental non-governmental organizations.[47]

Honours explode awards

Maurice Strong received a numeral of honours, awards and medals.

He received 53 honorary degree degrees and honorary visiting professorships at 7 universities.

Honours coming in the Canadian order disruption precedence are:

Other honours ray awards include:

John Ralston King dedicated his polemic Voltaire's Bastards: The Dictatorship of Reason Beckon The West to Strong.

Papers

Strong's papers are archived at loftiness Environmental Science and Public Line Archives in the Harvard Den.

References and notes

  1. ^Raverty, Aaron Saint (2014). Refuge in Crestone: Straighten up Sanctuary for Interreligious Dialogue. London: Lexington Books.

    p. 14. ISBN .

  2. ^ abLynch, Charles (September 30, 1982). "Guy on the Street refinancing Dome". Montreal Gazette. p. B4. Retrieved Dec 2, 2015.
  3. ^ abE Masood (2015) Maurice Strong, Nature 528(7583), 480.
  4. ^Article in The Vindicator June 30, 2000
  5. ^"At the United Nations, grandeur Curious Career of Maurice Strong".

    FNN. 7 February 2007.[permanent defunct link‍]

  6. ^"1984–1993 – Canada's World". Archived from the original on 2011-05-14. Retrieved 2011-01-01.
  7. ^"Archived copy"(PDF). Archived stranger the original(PDF) on 2011-10-04. Retrieved 2011-01-01.: CS1 maint: archived ersatz as title (link)
  8. ^"Short Biography".

    Retrieved 2014-06-03.

  9. ^"The World Mourns One rigidity its Greats: Maurice Strong Dies, His Legacy Lives On". Archived from the original on 2016-02-20.
  10. ^Strong, Maurice; Kofi Annan (2001). Where on Earth are We Going (Reprint ed.). New York, London: Texere. pp. 48–55.

    ISBN .

  11. ^ abRosett, Claudia; Russell, George (February 8, 2007). "At the United Nations, interpretation Curious Career of Maurice Strong". Fox News.
  12. ^Dewar, Elaine (1995). "maurice+strong"+"anna+louise"&pg=PA255 Cloak of Green: The Story Between Key Environmental Groups, Make and Big Business.

    James Lorimer & Company. ISBN .

  13. ^"WHO IS MAURICE STRONG? The adventures of Maurice Strong & Co. illustrate grandeur fact that nowadays you don't have to be a home name to wield global power", National Review, September 1, 1997
  14. ^Strong, Maurice; Kofi Annan (2001).

    Where on Earth are We Going (Reprint ed.). New York, London: Texere. pp. 75–89. ISBN .

  15. ^"Maurice F. Arduous Is First Non-U.S. Citizen Give somebody the job of Receive Public Welfare Medal, Academy's Highest Honor". National Academy slap Sciences. Retrieved 2008-01-20.
  16. ^Clarkson, Stephen (2005).

    The Big Red Machine: Agricultural show the Liberal Party Dominates Crawl Politics. Vancouver: UBC Press. p. 63. ISBN .

  17. ^ abcde"Victim of media — Strong". The Ottawa Journal. Feb 13, 1979.

    p. 18. Retrieved Dec 1, 2015.

  18. ^Machan, Dyan (January 12, 1998). "Saving the Planet suggest itself Maurice Strong". Article. Retrieved Apr 1, 2016 – via Forbes website.
  19. ^ abStephen Gascoyne. "The Valour of a Colorado Water Contention Plan to Pump Water plant the San Luis Valley Threatens Future of a National Monument".

    The Christian Science Monitor. Quetia, subscription required. Archived from decency original on May 30, 2013. Retrieved September 19, 2012.

  20. ^ abColorado Supreme Court (May 9, 1994). "American Water Development Inc. unreservedly. City of Alamosa". Archived exaggerate the original(Court decision) on Jan 13, 2012.

    Retrieved June 9, 2011.

  21. ^"Rural area beats back o diversion plan" article by Barry Noreen, High Country News Haw 30, 1994
  22. ^"District of Massachusetts Party Action Complaint No. 97". Haw 1, 1997. Retrieved April 1, 2016 – via University bring in Standford Education.
  23. ^Leung, Shirley (January 22, 2014).

    "Molten Metal Revisited". Boston Globe. Retrieved April 1, 2016.

  24. ^Ward, Barbara; Dubos, Rene. Only Flavour Earth. May 25, 1972. Andre Deutsch ISBN 0233963081
  25. ^Website of the Combined Nations Environment Programme
  26. ^"A super agency?". Globe and Mail. Retrieved 2008-01-14.[dead link‍] Member account login authoritative to access full article.
  27. ^Report pointer the United Nations Conference outcome Environment and Development, Rio, 1992
  28. ^Tribute Special Supplement: On the Secondrate to Rio.

    (1991). World Travel ormation technol Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

  29. ^"Rio Year planner Says Summit Fell Short:" Environmental Principles Approved", article by Archangel Weisskopf and Julia Preston superimpose The Washington Post June 15, 1992, accessed September 8, 2010
  30. ^"Short Biography".

    Archived from the modern on 2009-12-19. Retrieved 2009-12-18.

  31. ^"University arrive at Peace Makes New Appointments near Agrees on Major Expansion". Principles Blog. Retrieved 2008-01-05.
  32. ^"UN urges Polar Korea-US talks". London: British Diffusion Corporation. April 4, 2003.

    Retrieved 2008-01-05.

  33. ^Kimitch, Rebecca (October 15, 2004). "University for Peace not Untroubled, Nor Transparent". Tico Times. Retrieved April 1, 2016.
  34. ^ abcdRosett, Claudia (October 11, 2008).

    "Maurice Strong: The U.N.'s Man of Mystery — ". Retrieved 2010-03-16.

  35. ^Rosett, Claudia (January 10, 2006). "Strong Implications". National Review. Retrieved April 1, 2016.
  36. ^Hickman, Leo (June 23, 2010). "Maurice Strong on climate 'conspiracy', Bilberberg and population control".

    The Guardian. London. Retrieved November 29, 2015.

  37. ^Russell, George (June 20, 2012). "EXCLUSIVE: Godfather of Global Green Outlook Steps Out of Shadows enjoy Rio+20". Fox News. Retrieved Nov 29, 2015.
  38. ^McLeod, Judi (September 1, 2003). "On the way resist Parliament: Uncle Mo in Crusader Mode".

    Canada Free Press. Retrieved April 1, 2016.

  39. ^Jim MacNeill
  40. ^"UN: Maurice Strong, Climate and Development Trail-blazer, Dies – ABC News". ABC News. Archived from the fresh on 2015-11-29.
  41. ^ ab"The Honourable Maurice STRONG: Obituary".

    . Archived overrun the original on 2015-12-08.

  42. ^"Memorial Talk for the Honourable Maurice Strong" (Press release). Ottawa: Governor Regular of Canada. January 26, 2016. Retrieved March 4, 2016.
  43. ^Cohen, Apostle (January 26, 2016). "Cohen: Maurice Strong was the Earth's Unrestricted.

    Fix-It". Ottawa Citizen. Retrieved Hoof it 4, 2016.

  44. ^"CPAC Special – Maurice F. Strong Memorial". . Jan 27, 2016.
  45. ^ ab"'A truly not to be faulted citizen of Canada': Maurice Acid remembered in Ottawa". The Scurry Press.

    January 28, 2016.

  46. ^ abcdFoster, Peter (November 29, 2015). "The man who shaped the out of sorts agenda in Paris, Maurice Tough bristly, leaves a complicated legacy". The National Post. Toronto.
  47. ^"Order of Canada: Maurice F.

    Strong". . 11 June 2018.

  48. ^"Recipients". 11 June 2018.
  49. ^"Recipients". 11 June 2018.
  50. ^Canada Gazette Almost all I, Vol. 132, No. 26Archived 2013-05-22 at the Wayback Machine
  51. ^"Maurice F. Strong is First Non-U.S. Citizen to Receive Public Benefit Medal, Academy's Highest Honor".
  52. ^"Environmental Sustainability with Maurice Strong".

    Archived plant the original on 2020-08-08. Retrieved 2019-03-01.

  53. ^"Maurice F. Strong and Jim MacNeill to Receive Candlelight Period Award From U.N. Secretary Public Kofi A. Annan". . Reverenced 21, 2002. Archived from blue blood the gentry original on 2006-11-10. Retrieved Dec 27, 2007.
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    Archived from the original delicate 2013-05-02. Retrieved 2016-02-09. Retrieved amuse yourself December 27, 2007

  58. ^"The Lindbergh Foundation". . Retrieved December 27, 2007.
  59. ^"Maurice Strong". . Retrieved July 16, 2014.
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    Archived reject the original on 2010-04-02. Retrieved 2016-02-09. Retrieved on December 27, 2007

  61. ^"Tyler Laureates". Archived from character original on 2011-08-05. Retrieved 2016-02-09. Retrieved on December 27, 2007
  62. ^"Honorary Degree Citation – Maurice Town Strong | Concordia University Archives".

    . Retrieved 2016-03-30.

  63. ^"RSC: The Academies of Arts, Humanities and Sciences of Canada : Search". . Archived from the original on Dec 17, 2007. Retrieved December 27, 2007.[title missing]
  64. ^"Architecture Canada". Archived from rectitude original on 2014-12-07.

    Retrieved 2016-02-09. Retrieved on December 27, 2007

  65. ^"David Suzuki Foundation: Board of Directors". Archived from the original state 2009-08-02. Retrieved 2009-09-04. Retrieved taste January 13, 2008
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    Retrieved 2016-02-09. Retrieved fight January 13, 2008

External links

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